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? semiconductor components industries, llc, 2018 july, 2018 ? rev. 8 1 publication order number: lm431sa/d lm431sa, lm431sb, lm431sc programmable shunt regulator description the lm431sa / lm431sb / lm431sc are three?terminal the output adjustable regulators with thermal stability over operating temperature range. the output voltage can be set any value between v ref (approximately 2.5 v) and 36 v with two external resistors. these devices have a typical dynamic output impedance of 0.2 . active output circuit provides a sharp turn?on characteristic, making these devices excellent replacement for zener diodes in many applications. features ? programmable output voltage to 36 v ? low dynamic output impedance: 0.2 (typical) ? sink current capability: 1.0 to 100 ma ? equivalent full?range temperature coefficient of 50 ppm/ c (typical) ? temperature compensated for operation over full rated operating temperature range ? low output noise voltage ? fast turn?on response ? these devices are pb?free, halogen free/bfr free and are rohs compliant ordering information product number output voltage tolerance operating temperature top mark (1) package shipping ? lm431sacmfx 2% ?25 to +85 c 43a sot?23fl 3l tape and reel lm431sacm3x 43l sot?23 3l lm431sacm32x 43g sot?23 3l lm431sbcmlx 1% 43b sot?89 3l lm431sbcmfx 43b sot?23fl 3l lm431sbcm3x 43m sot?23 3l lm431sbcm32x 43h sot?23 3l lm431sccmlx 0.5% 43c sot?89 3l lm431sccmfx 43c sot?23fl 3l lm431sccm3x 43n sot?23 3l lm431sccm32x 43j sot?23 3l lm431saimfx 2% ?40 to +85 c 43ai sot?23fl 3l lm431sbimfx 1% 43bi sot?23fl 3l LM431SCIMFX 0.5% 43ci sot?23fl 3l ?for information on tape and reel specifications, including part orientation and tape sizes, please refer to our tape and reel packaging specification brochure, brd8011/d. 1. sot?23 and sot?23fl have basically four?character marking except lm431saimfx. (3 letters for device code + 1 letter for date code) sot?23fl date code is compo sed of 1 digit numeric or alphabetic week code adding bar?type year code. www. onsemi.com sot?89 case 528ah 1 1 2 3 sot?23fl case 419bd sot?23 case 318bm 1 2 3 1. ref 2. anode 3. cathode 1. cathode 2. ref 3. anode m32 1. ref 2. cathode 3. anode m3 1. cathode 2. ref 3. anode
lm431sa, lm431sb, lm431sc www. onsemi.com 2 block diagram figure 1. block diagram absolute maximum ratings (t a = 25 c unless otherwise noted) symbol parameter value unit v ka cathode voltage 37 v i ka cathode current range (continuous) ?100 to +150 ma i ref reference input current range ?0.05 to +10.00 ma r ja thermal resistance junction?air (2, 3) ml suffix package (sot?89) 220 c/w mf suffix package (sot?23fl) 350 m32, m3 suffix package (sot?23) 400 p d power dissipation (4, 5) ml suffix package (sot?89) 560 mw mf suffix package (sot?23fl) 350 m32, m3 suffix package (sot?23) 310 t j junction temperature 150 c t opr operating temperature range all products except lm431saimfx ?25 to +85 c lm431saimfx, sbimfx, scimfx ?40 to +85 t stg storage temperature range ?65 to +150 c stresses exceeding those listed in the maximum ratings table may damage the device. if any of these limits are exceeded, device function ality should not be assumed, damage may occur and reliability may be affected. 2. thermal resistance test board size: 1.6 mm x 76.2 mm x 114.3 mm (1s0p) jedec standard: jesd51?3, jesd51?7. 3. assume no ambient airflow. 4. t jmax = 150 c; ratings apply to ambient temperature at 25 c. 5. power dissipation calculation: p d = (t j ? t a ) / r ja . recommended operating conditions symbol parameter min. max. unit v ka cathode voltage v ref 36 v i ka cathode current 1 100 ma functional operation above the stresses listed in the recommended operating ranges is not implied. extended exposure to stresse s beyond the recommended operating ranges limits may affect device reliability.
lm431sa, lm431sb, lm431sc www. onsemi.com 3 electrical characteristics (note 6, values are at t a = 25 c unless otherwise noted) symbol parameter conditions lm431sa lm431sb lm431sc uni t min. typ. max. min. typ. max. min. typ. max. v ref reference input voltage v ka = v ref , i ka = 10 ma 2.450 2.500 2.550 2.470 2.495 2.520 2.482 2.495 2.508 v v ref / t deviation of refe r- ence input voltag e over? tempera- ture v ka = v ref , i ka = 10 ma t min t a t max sot?89 sot?23fl 4.5 17.0 4.5 17.0 4.5 17.0 mv sot?23 6.6 24 6.6 24 6.6 24 mv v ref / v ka ratio of change i n reference input voltage to the change in cath- ode voltage i ka =10 ma v ka = 10 v?v ref ?1.0 ?2.7 ?1.0 ?2.7 ?1.0 ?2.7 mv/ v v ka = 36 v ? 10 v ?0.5 ?2.0 ?0.5 ?2.0 ?0.5 ?2.0 i ref reference input current i ka = 10 ma, r 1 = 10 k , r 2 = 1.5 4.0 1.5 4.0 1.5 4.0 a i ref / t deviation of refe r- ence input curren t over full temper - ature range i ka = 10 ma, r 1 = 10 k , r 2 = , t a = full range sot?89 sot?23fl 0.4 1.2 0.4 1.2 0.4 1.2 a sot?23 0.8 2.0 0.8 2.0 0.8 2.0 a i ka(min) minimum cathode current for regu- lation v ka = v ref 0.45 1.00 0.45 1.00 0.45 1.00 ma i ka(off) off ?stage cath- ode current v ka = 36 v, v ref = 0 0.05 1.00 0.05 1.00 0.05 1.00 a z ka dynamic imped- ance v ka = v ref , i ka = 1 to 100 ma, f 1.0 khz 0.15 0.50 0.15 0.50 0.15 0.50 product parametric performance is indicated in the electrical characteristics for the listed test conditions, unless otherwise noted. product performance may not be indicated by the electrical characteristics if operated under different conditions. 6. lm431sai, lm431sbi, lm431sci: ? t a(min) = ?40 c, t a(max) = +85 c all other pins: ? t a(min) = ?25 c, t a(max) = +85 c
lm431sa, lm431sb, lm431sc www. onsemi.com 4 electrical characteristics (continued) (notes 7 and 8, values are at t a = 25 c unless otherwise noted) symbo l parameter conditions lm431sai lm431sbi lm431sci uni t min. typ. max. min. typ. max. min. typ. max. v ref reference input voltage v ka = v ref , i ka = 10 ma 2.450 2.500 2.550 2.470 2.495 2.520 2.482 2.495 2.508 v v ref(dev) deviation of refer- ence input voltage over?temperature v ka = v ref , i ka = 10 ma, t min t a t max 5 20 5 20 5 20 mv v ref / v ka ratio of change in reference input volt- age to change in cathode voltage i ka = 10 ma v ka = 10 v?v ref ?1.0 ?2.7 ?1.0 ?2.7 ?1.0 ?2.7 mv/ v v ka = 36 v ? 10 v ?0.5 ?2.0 ?0.5 ?2.0 ?0.5 ?2.0 i ref reference input current i ka = 10 ma, r 1 =10 k , r 2 = 1.5 4.0 1.5 4.0 1.5 4.0 a i ref(dev) deviation of refer- ence input current over full temperature range i ka = 10 ma, r 1 = 10 k , r 2 = , t min t a t max 0.8 2.0 0.8 2.0 0.8 2.0 a i ka(min) minimum cathode current for regulation v ka = v ref 0.45 1.00 0.45 1.00 0.45 1.00 ma i ka(off) off ?stage cathode current v ka = 36 v, v ref = 0 0.05 1.00 0.05 1.00 0.05 1.00 a z ka dynamic impedance v ka = v ref , i ka = 1 to 100 ma, f 1.0 khz 0.15 0.50 0.15 0.50 0.15 0.50 7. lm431sai, lm431sbi, lm431sci: ? t a(min) = ?40 c, t a(max) = +85 c all other pins: ? t a(min) = ?25 c, t a(max) = +85 c 8. the deviation parameters v ref(dev) and i ref(dev) are defined as the differences between the maximum and minimum values obtained over the rated temperature range. the average full?range tempera ture coefficient of the reference input voltage, v ref , is defined as: | v ref | ppm c v ref(dev) v ref (at 25 c) 10 6 t max t min v ref(min) v ref(max) t max -t min v ref(dev) where t max ?t min is the rated operating free?air temperature range of the device. v ref can be positive or negative, depending on whether minimum v ref or maximum v ref , respectively, occurs at the lower temperature. example: v ref(dev) = 4.5 mv, v ref = 2500 mv at 25 c, t max ?t min = 125 c for lm431sai. | v ref | 4.5 mv 2500 mv 10 6 125 c 14.4 ppm c because minimum v ref occurs at the lower temperature, the coefficient is positive.
lm431sa, lm431sb, lm431sc www. onsemi.com 5 test circuits figure 2. test circuit for v ka = v ref lm431s figure 3. test circuit for v ka v ref lm431s figure 4. test circuit for i ka(off) lm431s
lm431sa, lm431sb, lm431sc www. onsemi.com 6 typical applications v o 1 r 1 r 2 v ref figure 5. shunt regulator lm431s v o 1 r 1 r 2 v ref figure 6. output control for three?terminal fixed regulator lm431s lm7805/mc7805 v o 1 r 1 r 2 v ref figure 7. high current shunt regulator lm431s figure 8. current limit or current source lm431s figure 9. constant?current sink lm431s
lm431sa, lm431sb, lm431sc www. onsemi.com 7 typical performance characteristics figure 10. cathode current vs. cathode voltage ?2 ?1 0 1 2 3 ?100 ?50 0 50 100 150 i k , cathode current (ma) v ka , cathode voltage (v) i k ? cathode current (ma) v ka ? cathode voltage (v) v ka = v ref t a = 25 c 100 figure 11. cathode current vs. cathode voltage v ka ? cathode voltage (v) i k ? cathode current ( a) v ka = v ref t a = 25 c ?200 0 200 400 600 800 i ka(min) ?1 0 1 2 3 figure 12. off?state cathode current vs. ambient temperature ?50 0.00 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.10 0.12 0.14 0.16 0.18 0.20 i off t a , ambient temperature ( o c) ?25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 t a ? ambient temperature ( c) i off ? off?state cathode current ( a) figure 13. reference input current vs. ambient temperature 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 ?50 ?25 0 25 50 75 100 125 t a ? ambient temperature ( c) i ref ? reference input current ( a) figure 14. frequency vs. small signal voltage amplification 1k 10k 100k 1m 10m ?10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 frequency (hz) frequency (hz) open loop voltage gain (db) t a = 25 c i ka = 10 ma figure 15. pulse response voltage swing (v) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 048121620 time ( s) output input t a = 25 c
lm431sa, lm431sb, lm431sc www. onsemi.com 8 figure 16. stability boundary conditions 100p 1n 10n 100n 1? 10? 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 b a c l ? load capacitance i k ? cathode current (ma) a. v ka = vref b. v ka = 5.0 v @ i k = 10 ma t a = 25 c figure 17. anode?reference diode curve 0.0 0 1 2 3 4 5 anode?ref. voltage(v) current (ma) anode?ref. voltage (v) 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 figure 18. reference?cathode diode curve 0 1 2 3 4 5 cu rr ent(ma) ref.?cathode voltage(v) ref.?cathode voltage (v) current (ma) 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 figure 19. reference input voltage vs. ambient temperature 2.46 2.47 2.48 2.49 2.50 2.51 ?50 ?25 0 25 50 75 100 125 t a ? ambient temperature ( c) v ref ? reference input voltage (v)
lm431sa, lm431sb, lm431sc www. onsemi.com 9 package dimensions sot?23 case 318bm issue o
lm431sa, lm431sb, lm431sc www. onsemi.com 10 package dimensions sot?23fl case 419bd issue o
lm431sa, lm431sb, lm431sc www. onsemi.com 11 package dimensions sot?89 3 lead case 528ah issue o 2.00 min 0.50 45 x 5.30 min 1.50 2.23 min 0.96 min 0.90 min 2x 3.00 min 90 4.50 3.90 c 1.30 0.89 0.54 1.50 0.52 0.30 (2x) c 4.70 4.30 c 1.87 1.45 c 1.40 2.70 2.30 c 3.00 0.30 45 x 123 1 3 0.10 m cab a b 1.70 1.30 c seating plane c 2.70 0.35 0.60 0.40 c 0.50 0.35 2.29 2.13 notes: unless otherwise specified. a. reference to jedec to-243 variation aa. b. all dimensions are in millimeters. c does not comply jedec standard value. d. dimensions are exclusive of burrs, mold flash and tie bar protrusion. e. dimension and tolerance as per asme y14.5?1994. land pattern recommendation c l symm 13 2
lm431sa, lm431sb, lm431sc www. onsemi.com 12 lm431sa/d on semiconductor and are trademarks of semiconductor components industries, llc dba on semiconductor or its subsidiaries i n the united states and/or other countries. on semiconductor owns the rights to a number of patents, trademarks, copyrights, trade secrets, and other intellectual property . a listing of on semiconductor?s product/patent coverage may be accessed at www.onsemi.com/site/pdf/patent?marking.pdf . on semiconductor reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein. on semiconductor makes no warranty, representation or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does o n semiconductor assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit, and specifically disclaims any and all liability, including wi thout limitation special, consequential or incidental damages. buyer is responsible for its products and applications using on semiconductor products, including compliance with all laws, reg ulations and safety requirements or standards, regardless of any support or applications information provided by on semiconductor. ?typical? parameters which may be provided in on semiconductor data sheets and/or specifications can and do vary in dif ferent applications and actual performance may vary over time. all operating parameters, including ?typic als? must be validated for each customer application by customer?s technical experts. on semiconductor does not convey any license under its patent rights nor the right s of others. on semiconductor products are not designed, intended, or authorized for use as a critical component in life support systems or any fda class 3 medical devices or medical devices with a same or similar classification in a foreign jurisdiction or any devices intended for implantation in the human body. should buyer purchase or use on semicondu ctor products for any such unintended or unauthorized application, buyer shall indemnify and hold on semiconductor and its officers, employees, subsidiaries, affiliates, and distrib utors harmless against all claims, costs, damages, and expenses, and reasonable attorney fees arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized use, even if such claim alleges that on semiconductor was negligent regarding the design or manufacture of the part. on semiconductor is an equal opportunity/affirmative action employer. this literature is subject to all applicable copyright laws and is not for resale in any manner. p ublication ordering information n. american technical support : 800?282?9855 toll free usa/canada europe, middle east and africa technical support: phone: 421 33 790 2910 literature fulfillment : literature distribution center for on semiconductor 19521 e. 32nd pkwy, aurora, colorado 80011 usa phone : 303?675?2175 or 800?344?3860 toll free usa/canada fax : 303?675?2176 or 800?344?3867 toll free usa/canada email : orderlit@onsemi.com on semiconductor website : www.onsemi.com order literature : http://www.onsemi.com/orderlit for additional information, please contact your loc al sales representative ?

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